הנחיות ה-FDA האמריקאי לעניין מינוני תרופות לטיפול ב-ADHD

רשימה של תרופות ושל מינוני תרופות לטיפול ב-ADHD שאושרו ע"י ה-FDA, יחד עם עלונים לצרכן עבור כל תרופה כפי שהם מופיעים באתר ה-FDA, תוכלו למצוא בקישור להלן: אתר FDA.

Table 2. Medications Approved by the FDA for ADHD (Alphabetical by Class)

Generic Class/ Brand Name Dose Form Typical Starting Dose FDA Max/Day Off-Label Max/Day Comments
Amphetamine preparations
Short-acting Short-acting stimulants often used as initial treatment in small children (< 16 kg), but have disadvantage of twice- or thrice-daily dosing to control symptoms throughout day
Adderall*(Shire 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20, 30 mg tab 3-5 y: 2.5 mg every day; ≥ 6 y: 5 mg every day to twice daily 40 mg > 50 kg: 60 mg
Long-acting Longer acting stimulants offer greater convenience, confidentiality, and compliance with single daily dosing but may have greater problematic effects on evening appetite and sleep; Adderall XRcap may be opened and sprinkled on soft foods
Adderall XR(Shire) 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 mg cap ≥ 6 y: 10 mg every day 30 mg > 50 kg: 60 mg
Vyvanse(Shire) 30, 50, 70 mg cap 30 mg every day 70 mg Not yet known
Methylphenidate preparations
Short-acting Short-acting stimulants often used as initial treatment in small children (< 16 kg) but have disadvantage of twice- to thrice-daily dosing to control symptoms throughout day
Focalin(Novartis) 2.5, 5, 10 mg cap 2.5 mg twice dialy 20 mg 50 mg
Ritalin*(Novartis) 5, 10, 20 mg 5 mg twice daily 60 mg > 50 kg: 100 mg
Intermediate-acting Longer acting stimulants offer greater convenience, confidentiality, and compliance with single daily dosing but may have greater problematic effects on evening appetite and sleep
Ritalin SR*(Novartis) 20 mg 10 mg every morning 60 mg > 50 kg: 100 mg
Ritalin LA (Novartis) 10, 20, 30, 40 mg 20 mg every morning 60 mg > 50 kg: 100 mg Metadate CD and Ritalin LA caps may be opened and sprinkled on soft food
Long-acting
Concerta(McNeil) 18, 27, 36, 54 mg cap 18 mg every morning 72 mg 108 mg Swallow whole with liquids; nonabsorbable tablet shell may be seen in stool
Daytrana patch(Shire) 10, 15, 20, 30 mg patches Begin with 10 mg patch every day, then titrate up by patch strength 30 mg Not yet known
Focalin XR(Novartis) 5, 10, 15, 20 mg cap 5 mg every morning 30 mg 50 mg
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Atomoxetine Not a schedule II medication
Strattera(Lilly) 10, 18, 25, 40, 60, 80, 100 mg cap Children and adolescents < 70 kg: 0.5 mg/kg/day for 4 days; then 1 mg/kg/day for 4 days; then 1.2 mg/kg/day Lesser of 1.4 mg/kg or 100 mg Lesser of 1.8 mg/kg or 100 mg Consider if active substance abuse or severe side effects of stimulants (mood lability, tics); give every morning or divided doses twice daily (effects on late evening behavior); do not open capsule; monitor closely for suicidal thinking and behavior, clinical worsening, or unusual changes in behavior

FDA = US Food and Drug Administration; ADHD = attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder; *generic formulation available; adapted from Pliszka S. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46:894-921

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