הנחיות ה-FDA האמריקאי לעניין מינוני תרופות לטיפול ב-ADHD
רשימה של תרופות ושל מינוני תרופות לטיפול ב-ADHD שאושרו ע"י ה-FDA, יחד עם עלונים לצרכן עבור כל תרופה כפי שהם מופיעים באתר ה-FDA, תוכלו למצוא בקישור להלן: אתר FDA.
Table 2. Medications Approved by the FDA for ADHD (Alphabetical by Class)
| Generic Class/ Brand Name | Dose Form | Typical Starting Dose | FDA Max/Day | Off-Label Max/Day | Comments | ||||
| Amphetamine preparations | |||||||||
| Short-acting | Short-acting stimulants often used as initial treatment in small children (< 16 kg), but have disadvantage of twice- or thrice-daily dosing to control symptoms throughout day | ||||||||
| Adderall*(Shire | 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20, 30 mg tab | 3-5 y: 2.5 mg every day; ≥ 6 y: 5 mg every day to twice daily | 40 mg | > 50 kg: 60 mg | |||||
| Long-acting | Longer acting stimulants offer greater convenience, confidentiality, and compliance with single daily dosing but may have greater problematic effects on evening appetite and sleep; Adderall XRcap may be opened and sprinkled on soft foods | ||||||||
| Adderall XR(Shire) | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 mg cap | ≥ 6 y: 10 mg every day | 30 mg | > 50 kg: 60 mg | |||||
| Vyvanse(Shire) | 30, 50, 70 mg cap | 30 mg every day | 70 mg | Not yet known | |||||
| Methylphenidate preparations | |||||||||
| Short-acting | Short-acting stimulants often used as initial treatment in small children (< 16 kg) but have disadvantage of twice- to thrice-daily dosing to control symptoms throughout day | ||||||||
| Focalin(Novartis) | 2.5, 5, 10 mg cap | 2.5 mg twice dialy | 20 mg | 50 mg | |||||
| Ritalin*(Novartis) | 5, 10, 20 mg | 5 mg twice daily | 60 mg | > 50 kg: 100 mg | |||||
| Intermediate-acting | Longer acting stimulants offer greater convenience, confidentiality, and compliance with single daily dosing but may have greater problematic effects on evening appetite and sleep | ||||||||
| Ritalin SR*(Novartis) | 20 mg | 10 mg every morning | 60 mg | > 50 kg: 100 mg | |||||
| Ritalin LA (Novartis) | 10, 20, 30, 40 mg | 20 mg every morning | 60 mg | > 50 kg: 100 mg | Metadate CD and Ritalin LA caps may be opened and sprinkled on soft food | ||||
| Long-acting | |||||||||
| Concerta(McNeil) | 18, 27, 36, 54 mg cap | 18 mg every morning | 72 mg | 108 mg | Swallow whole with liquids; nonabsorbable tablet shell may be seen in stool | ||||
| Daytrana patch(Shire) | 10, 15, 20, 30 mg patches | Begin with 10 mg patch every day, then titrate up by patch strength | 30 mg | Not yet known | |||||
| Focalin XR(Novartis) | 5, 10, 15, 20 mg cap | 5 mg every morning | 30 mg | 50 mg | |||||
| Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor | |||||||||
| Atomoxetine | Not a schedule II medication | ||||||||
| Strattera(Lilly) | 10, 18, 25, 40, 60, 80, 100 mg cap | Children and adolescents < 70 kg: 0.5 mg/kg/day for 4 days; then 1 mg/kg/day for 4 days; then 1.2 mg/kg/day | Lesser of 1.4 mg/kg or 100 mg | Lesser of 1.8 mg/kg or 100 mg | Consider if active substance abuse or severe side effects of stimulants (mood lability, tics); give every morning or divided doses twice daily (effects on late evening behavior); do not open capsule; monitor closely for suicidal thinking and behavior, clinical worsening, or unusual changes in behavior | ||||
FDA = US Food and Drug Administration; ADHD = attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder; *generic formulation available; adapted from Pliszka S. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46:894-921